International Journal of Economics Management and Social Science
The International Journal of Economics, Management and Social Science (IJEMSS), published by the Salewangang Institute, is a journal that publishes research findings from both Indonesian and international scholars in the fields of economics and social sciences.
The Influence of Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance at PT Sari Warna Asli Garment
This study aims to analyze the influence of work motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance at PT Sari Warna Asli Garment. A quantitative research approach with a survey method was employed. The study sample consisted of 30 employees selected using a saturated sampling (total sampling) technique from one of the company's work units. Data were collected through a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability and were subsequently analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicate that: (1) work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (t = 2.469, p = 0.020); (2) job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (t = 2.231, p = 0.034); and (3) work motivation and job satisfaction simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance (F = 9.814, p = 0.001), explaining 42.1% of the variance in employee performance (R² = 0.421). These findings suggest that strengthening employee motivation programs and improving job satisfaction management are essential strategies for enhancing employee performance in a sustainable manner. Keywords: work motivation; job satisfaction; employee performance; garment industry; human resource management.
work motivation; job satisfaction; employee performance; garment industry; human resource management
Copyright (c) 2026 Wimbo Agil Rifqi, Gita Melinda, Putri Kusumawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of Job Stress and Work Motivation on the Performance of Gojek Driver Partners in Surakarta City
This study aims to analyze the effect of work stress and work motivation on the performance of Gojek driver partners in Surakarta City. This research uses a quantitative approach with survey methods. The population in this study is all active Gojek driver partners operating in Surakarta City. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique of 100 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires using a Likert scale and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the SPSS program. The results show that: (1) work stress has a negative and significant effect on the performance of Gojek driver partners in Surakarta City; (2) work motivation has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Gojek driver partners in Surakarta City; (3) work stress and work motivation simultaneously have a significant effect on the performance of Gojek driver partners in Surakarta City. Keywords: Work Stress, Work Motivation, Performance, Driver Partner Gojek
Work Stress, Work Motivation, Performance, Driver Partner Gojek
Copyright (c) 2026 Viviola Agustina , Alvina Shanna Lutfi Amanda , Dicky Muhammad (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of Leadership Style and Work Motivation on Employee Performance in Surakarta City
This study aims to analyze the influence of leadership style and work motivation on employee performance in Surakarta City. The research method used is a quantitative approach with a survey technique. The population in this study is all employees of companies located in Surakarta City totaling 75 people, with a sample of 63 respondents selected using purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used a questionnaire with a Likert scale. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with the aid of SPSS version 25. The results indicate that leadership style has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (t-value = 3.412; sig. = 0.001), work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (t-value = 4.178; sig. = 0.000), and leadership style and work motivation simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance (F-value = 28.456; sig. = 0.000) with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.483. These findings imply that improving leadership quality and strengthening work motivation simultaneously can substantially enhance employee performance. Keywords: leadership style, work motivation, employee performance, Surakarta
leadership style, work motivation, employee performance, Surakarta
Copyright (c) 2026 Rafi Akhmal Suddin , Kholida Sari , Hardiyah Ayu Setyowati , Amalia Nur Lathifah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of Complaint Handling Strategy, Marketing Communication Effectiveness, and Trust on Consumer Loyalty in Taman Jaya Wijaya MSMEs
This study aims to analyze the influence of complaint handling strategy, marketing communication effectiveness, and trust on consumer loyalty at Taman Jaya Wijaya MSMEs. Intensifying business competition requires micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to maintain consumer loyalty through effective complaint handling, efficient marketing communication, and the development of consumer trust. This study employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. The population consisted of all consumers of Taman Jaya Wijaya MSMEs, while the sample was selected using purposive sampling based on predetermined criteria. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire utilizing a five-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using instrument validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R²). The findings indicate that complaint handling strategy, marketing communication effectiveness, and trust each have a positive and significant effect on consumer loyalty, both individually and simultaneously, at Taman Jaya Wijaya MSMEs. Among these variables, trust exerts the strongest influence on consumer loyalty. These findings provide practical implications for MSME managers in enhancing service quality, strengthening marketing communication, and fostering consumer trust to achieve sustainable consumer loyalty. Keywords: complaint handling strategy; marketing communication effectiveness; consumer trust; consumer loyalty; micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs)
Copyright (c) 2026 Indra Fidina, Gabriel Kurnia Pratama, Tsalatsi Adzanil Maghribi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Exploring Management Students' Experiences with E-Wallets in Daily Financial Management
The development of financial technology has encouraged the use of e-wallets as a digital payment method that is increasingly popular among university students. This study aims to explore the experiences of Management students in using e-wallets for their daily financial management. A qualitative approach with a phenomenological method was employed in this research. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with students who actively use e-wallets and analyzed using an interactive analysis model. The findings show that e-wallets provide convenience in transactions, time efficiency, and help students monitor their expenses through transaction history. However, e-wallet usage may also lead to impulsive spending behavior due to promotional offers such as cashback and discounts. The effectiveness of e-wallets in financial management is strongly influenced by financial literacy and self-control. Keywords: e-wallet, financial management, students, financial technology, phenomenology
Copyright (c) 2026 Alra Febtriyan, Nia Aprilia, Dinda Isnaini Rahmawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
University Students' Saving Behavior in the Digital Era: The Role of Financial Literacy, Lifestyle, and Digital Banking Utilization
The development of digital technology has brought significant changes to the financial behavior of college students, particularly in saving activities through various digital banking services. This study aims to analyze the savings behavior of college students through the perspectives of financial literacy, lifestyle, and digital banking utilization. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, incorporating a literature review of various previous studies that discuss college students' financial behavior in the digital era. The results of the study indicate that financial literacy is a crucial factor in shaping students' ability to manage income, prioritize needs, and develop consistent savings habits. Furthermore, changes in digital lifestyles influence savings behavior due to the increased use of cashless transactions, the convenience of online shopping, and consumer tendencies. The use of digital banking offers positive opportunities through ease of access, automatic savings features, and transparency in financial management, but it can also increase the risk of consumer behavior if not accompanied by sound financial understanding. This study demonstrates that the combination of adequate financial literacy, a controlled lifestyle, and wise use of digital banking can improve college students' savings behavior in the digital era. Keywords: Saving Behavior, Financial Literacy, Digital Lifestyle, Digital Banking, College Students
Saving Behavior, Financial Literacy, Digital Lifestyle, Digital Banking, College Students
Copyright (c) 2026 Davind Adit Kurniawan, Hana Muslimah, Panduwinata Raharja, Mita Dewi Andriani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Raw Material Inventory Analysis Using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Reorder Point (ROP), and Safety Stock Methods: A Case Study of Landterra Coffee Shop
The rapid growth of the coffee shop industry in Surakarta City has increased business competition, demanding operational efficiency, particularly in managing perishable and volatile raw material inventory. This study aims to analyze raw material inventory control at Landterra Coffeeshop using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Reorder Point (ROP), and Safety Stock methods. The literature review refers to inventory management concepts that emphasize the balance between cost and stock availability, as well as the theories of EOQ, ROP, and Safety Stock as inventory optimization tools. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with secondary data in the form of raw material demand, ordering costs, holding costs, and lead time. Data collection techniques were carried out through documentation, observation, and interviews. The results of the raw material inventory analysis using the conventional method resulted in an inventory cost of Rp 5,401,000, and the EOQ method resulted in an inventory cost of Rp 5,056,160. This indicates that the Economic Order Quantity method at Landterra Coffeeshop saves up to Rp 344,840, or 6.39%. Keywords: Economic Order Quantity, Safety Stock, Reorder Point, Raw Material Inventory, Cost Efficiency.
Economic Order Quantity, Safety Stock, Reorder Point, Raw Material Inventory, Cost Efficiency
Copyright (c) 2026 Bagas Gunawan, Rendi Saputra A.K, Aulia Rahma Safitri, Noni Nur Kharomah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Role of Live Streaming Marketing, Flash Sales, and Electronic Word-of-Mouth in Driving Impulse Buying Behavior among TikTok Shop Consumers
The development of social commerce has transformed consumer behavior in conducting digital transactions, particularly through the TikTok Shop platform, which integrates entertainment, social interaction, and shopping activities within a single digital ecosystem. This study aims to analyze the role of live streaming marketing, flash sales, and electronic word of mouth (E-WOM) in encouraging impulse buying behavior among consumers on the TikTok Shop platform. This research employs a library research method with a qualitative descriptive approach by reviewing various scientific articles, journals, and relevant literature related to the research topic. The findings indicate that live streaming marketing plays a role in increasing consumer engagement, trust, and emotional attachment, thereby encouraging spontaneous purchases. Flash sales are proven to create perceptions of scarcity and urgency that accelerate the purchasing decision-making process. Meanwhile, electronic word of mouth (E-WOM) emerges as the most dominant factor because it is able to build trust, reduce uncertainty, and strengthen purchase intentions through information and experiences shared by other users. Therefore, these three digital marketing strategies have an important role in creating stimuli that encourage the formation of impulse buying behavior among consumers on the TikTok Shop platform. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for business practitioners in designing more effective digital marketing strategies to increase sales and consumer engagement. Keywords: Live Streaming Marketing, Flash Sale, Electronic Word of Mouth, Impulse Buying, TikTok Shop.
Live Streaming Marketing, Flash Sale, Electronic Word of Mouth, Impulse Buying, TikTok Shop.
Copyright (c) 2026 Adela Revliana, Delta Rahmadani, Millania Dwi Priyanti, Syifau Nur Aisyah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Human Resource Competency Development Through Competency-Based Training: Human Capital Theory And Its Impact On Employee Work Productivity
This study examines the role of competency-based training in developing human resource competencies and its impact on employee work productivity, framed through Human Capital Theory. Human Capital Theory posits that systematic investment in employee knowledge, skills, and abilities generates measurable returns in the form of enhanced individual and organizational performance. Using a quantitative explanatory design, data were collected from 124 employees across manufacturing and service-based organizations who participated in structured competency-based training programs over a six-month period. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and paired-sample t-tests to assess pre- and post-training competency scores across five indicators: technical knowledge, communication skills, problem-solving, work adaptability, and team collaboration. The results indicate a statistically significant increase in competency scores following training (p < 0.001), with the largest gains observed in work adaptability (mean increase of 20.9 points) and team collaboration (20.7 points). Regression analysis confirms that competency-based training has a significant positive effect on work productivity (β = 0.612, p < 0.001), explaining 48.3 percent of the variance in productivity outcomes. These findings reinforce Human Capital Theory's central proposition that deliberate investment in employee competency development functions as a productive economic asset rather than a discretionary cost. The study contributes practical implications for human resource managers seeking to design evidence-based training interventions that align competency development with measurable productivity outcomes.
competency-based training; human capital theory; human resource development; work productivity; employee competency
Copyright (c) 2026 Otniel Payung, Rafilus Sampe, Gideon Kajang, Irwan Syah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Impact of Organizational Justice, Compensation Satisfaction, and Interpersonal Relationships on Team Performance at PT Permata Indah Rubaru
This study aims to analyze the influence of organizational justice, salary satisfaction, and interpersonal relationships on team performance at PT. Permata Indah Rubaru in Sumenep Regency. The research employed a quantitative approach using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis through SmartPLS 3.0 software. The sample consisted of 170 respondents selected using a purposive sampling method. The results indicate that all three independent variables have a positive and significant effect on team performance, with salary satisfaction emerging as the most dominant factor. The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.674 indicates that 67.4% of the variation in team performance is explained by organizational justice, salary satisfaction, and interpersonal relationships, while the remaining 32.6% is influenced by other factors outside the research model. These findings highlight the importance of implementing organizational justice, providing fair compensation, and fostering harmonious interpersonal relationships to enhance team effectiveness and productivity within the company. Keywords:Organizational Justice; Salary Satisfaction; Interpersonal Relationships; Team Performance.
Organizational Justice; Salary Satisfaction; Interpersonal Relationships; Team Performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dina Kurniawati, Moh. Kurdi, Syaiful Anwar, Fatmawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of Human Resources Quality, Financial Literacy, and Managerial Ability on the Performance of MSMEs in Sumenep Regency
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a strategic contribution to the national economy, including in Sumenep Regency, which is known for its potential agribusiness and local trade sectors. However, the performance of MSMEs in this area is still not optimal due to the low quality of human resources (HR), limited financial literacy, and weak managerial skills of business actors. This study aims to empirically analyze the influence of HR quality, financial literacy, and managerial skills on the performance of MSMEs in Sumenep Regency. The approach used is quantitative with a survey method of 20 MSMEs that have been operating for at least two years. Data were collected using a questionnaire with a Likert scale of 1–5 and analyzed using the Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method using SmartPLS software version 4. The results showed that the three independent variables have a positive and significant effect on MSME performance. HR quality has a significant effect with a path coefficient of 0.42 and a t-statistic of 3.67; Financial Literacy has a positive effect with a coefficient of 0.31 and a t-statistic of 2.95; Meanwhile, Managerial Ability has the most dominant influence with a coefficient of 0.46 and a t-statistic of 4.02. The R-square value of 0.72 indicates that 72% of the variation in MSME performance can be explained by these three variables. This study concludes that improving MSME performance in Sumenep Regency is highly dependent on human resource development, strengthening financial literacy, and managerial capabilities. These results provide practical implications for local governments and financial institutions to strengthen the capacity of MSME actors through integrated training and ongoing mentoring. Keywords: Accountability, Human
Accountability, Human Resources Quality, Financial Literacy, Managerial Ability, MSME Performance
Copyright (c) 2026 Astri Furqani, Moh. Kurdi, Dina Kurniawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of Accountability, Transparency, and Human Resource Competence on the Financial Performance of MSMEs in the Digital Economy Era in Sumenep Regency
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are a strategic sector in strengthening the regional economy, including in Sumenep Regency. However, challenges in financial management that are not fully accountable and transparent remain an obstacle in improving financial performance. This study aims to analyze the influence of accountability, transparency, and human resource (HR) competence on the financial performance of MSMEs in the digital economy era. The research method used is a quantitative approach with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis using SmartPLS software. Data were obtained from 80 respondents of MSMEs in Sumenep Regency who were selected purposively. The results show that financial accountability, transparency of financial reports, and HR competence have a positive and significant effect on MSME financial performance, with an R² value of 0.716. HR competence is the variable with the most dominant influence. This study emphasizes the importance of financial governance based on accountability and transparency, as well as improving HR competence to strengthen the competitiveness of MSMEs in the digital era. Keywords: Accountability, Transparency, Human Resources Competence, Financial Performance, MSMEs
Accountability, Transparency, Human Resources Competence, Financial Performance, MSMEs
Copyright (c) 2026 Laurentia Maria Husada, Moh. Kurdi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PayLater and Consumer Behavior: The Impact of the Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) Phenomenon on Financial Literacy and Debt Levels among Generation Z
The Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) phenomenon has emerged as a significant trend among Generation Z, providing convenient access to goods and services even when users do not have immediate cash available. This study aims to analyze how the use of this financing service affects financial literacy and the potential accumulation of debt among university students. The research method employed is a systematic literature review of scholarly articles published between 2023 and 2026 in various economics and banking journals. Based on a review of the literature encompassing both quantitative and qualitative studies, the findings indicate that BNPL usage has a dual impact. On the one hand, it offers flexibility and convenience in financial transactions; on the other hand, for users with inadequate financial literacy, it poses a risk of falling into a cycle of debt due to consumptive behavior and impulsive purchasing. The results further show that self-control and financial knowledge play crucial roles in mitigating the negative effects of BNPL services. In conclusion, strengthening digital financial literacy among Generation Z is essential to ensure that they can utilize financial technology wisely without compromising their long-term financial stability. Keywords: Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL), Generation Z, Financial Literacy, Debt, Consumptive
Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL), Generation Z, Financial Literacy, Debt, Consumptive
Copyright (c) 2026 Amita Safitri, Alfinatul Umami, Dzikril Hakim, Very Andrianingsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of the Use of QRIS on Increasing MSME Revenue: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR)
Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) is a digital payment innovation that has been widely adopted by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) due to its convenience, speed, and transaction efficiency. The increasing use of QRIS reflects its role in supporting the digital transformation of MSMEs. This study aims to analyze the use of QRIS in increasing MSME income in Indonesia. The study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method based on the PRISMA framework. The literature was collected from the Google Scholar database using the Publish or Perish application. Out of 50 articles initially identified, 10 articles met the inclusion criteria and were further analyzed. The findings indicate that the use of QRIS is associated with increased MSME income through transaction convenience, payment efficiency, improved customer satisfaction, and expanded access to digital payment systems. The implementation of QRIS is supported by payment digitalization policies and the increasing use of smartphones. However, several challenges remain, including low digital literacy, limited internet infrastructure, Merchant Discount Rate (MDR) fees, and public preference for cash transactions. Keywords: QRIS, MSMEs, MSME income, digital payments
Keywords: QRIS, MSMEs, MSME income, digital payments
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Hidayati Triana Basriliyan, Andi Syafiqah Rahmat, Nur Riskiyanti Aprilia, Very Andrianingsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Impact of Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), Self-Control, and the Intensity of E-Wallet Use on Generation Z's Financial Management Behavior in the Cashless Era: Financial Stress as an Intervening Variable
This study aims to analyze the influence of Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), Self-Control, and E-Wallet Usage Intensity on Financial Management Behavior of Generation Z in Sumenep City, with Financial Stress as an intervening variable. The cashless transaction phenomenon and the rapid growth of e-wallet usage among Generation Z have generated various financial behavioral challenges, including financial stress that may affect the quality of financial management. This study employs a quantitative approach with a structured Likert 1–5 scale questionnaire survey. The sample consisted of 50 Generation Z respondents in Sumenep City selected using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4. Results show that FOMO significantly affects Financial Stress (β=0.470; p<0.001), Self-Control significantly affects Financial Stress (β=0.402; p<0.05), while E-Wallet Usage Intensity does not significantly affect Financial Stress. Self-Control significantly affects Financial Management Behavior (β=0.591; p<0.001), whereas FOMO, E-Wallet Usage Intensity, and Financial Stress do not significantly affect Financial Management Behavior. All mediation effects of Financial Stress are also not significant. The study implies that enhancing Self-Control capacity is a key factor in improving the financial management behavior of Generation Z in the cashless era. Keywords: Fear of Missing Out (FOMO); Self-Control; E-Wallet Usage Intensity; Financial Stress; Financial Management Behavior; Generation Z
Copyright (c) 2026 Moh. Rizal Erikza, Moh. Ruslan Kayala Aura Putra, Ahmad Nuril Fajar Al-Sidiqi, Very Andrianingsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Cash Waqf Based on Shariah Fintech: Integration of Ibn Qudamah's Islamic Ownership Theory with Digital Financial Innovation Principles
The proliferation of Islamic financial technology (fintech) has created new institutional pathways for cash waqf (wakaf uang) mobilisation, yet the doctrinal legitimacy of these digital mechanisms remains contested within classical Islamic jurisprudence. This study examines the theoretical compatibility between Ibn Qudamah's foundational ownership theory (al-milkiyyah) as articulated in Al-Mughni and the operational principles of Shariah-compliant digital financial innovation in the context of Indonesian cash waqf. Employing a qualitative doctrinal-analytical method, the study draws on primary Islamic jurisprudential texts, contemporary fatwa, and policy documents from Badan Wakaf Indonesia (BWI) and the Financial Services Authority (OJK). Findings reveal five structural compatibilities between Ibn Qudamah's property doctrine and fintech-based waqf design: the immutability of corpus transfer is preserved through blockchain's irrevocability; the validity of cash as mawquf (endowed object) is supported by MUI Fatwa No. 2/2002; corporate nazir certification satisfies the classical ahliyyah (competency) requirement; smart contract encoding enforces charitable specificity; and digital transparency exceeds classical accountability standards. One conditional tension concerns the transformation of the nazir role from individual trustee to corporate-digital intermediary, which requires robust regulatory governance to preserve fiduciary integrity. The study contributes a doctrinal compatibility frameworkthe Ibn Qudamah–Digital Finance Integration (IDFI) modelapplicable to the development of Shariah-compliant waqf fintech governance in Indonesia and comparable Muslim-majority jurisdictions. Keywords: Cash Waqf; Fintech Syariah; Ibn Qudamah; Islamic Ownership Theory; Maqasid al-Shariah; Wakaf Uang
Cash Waqf; Fintech Syariah; Ibn Qudamah; Islamic Ownership Theory; Maqasid al-Shariah; Wakaf Uang
Copyright (c) 2026 Hasmia Wahyunisa, Muh. Rizal Samad, Dian Novianti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Robusta Coffee Marketing Channels in Indonesia: A Literature Review
Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) constitutes a strategically significant agricultural commodity in Indonesia, accounting for approximately 75–80% of the country's total coffee production volume and supporting the livelihoods of millions of smallholder farming households across Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Nusa Tenggara. Despite its economic significance, Robusta coffee smallholders consistently receive a disproportionately small share of the final consumer price, a structural outcome closely linked to the configuration of marketing channels through which the commodity passes from farm gate to end consumer. This literature review systematically examines the academic literature on Robusta coffee marketing channels in Indonesia, drawing on studies published between 2010 and 2024 to analyze the structure, efficiency, and developmental implications of existing channel configurations. The review identifies five primary marketing channel patterns, analyzes the roles of key actors including farmers, village collectors (pedagang pengumpul), sub-district and district traders, processing mills, exporters, and modern retail and specialty coffee buyers, and examines the determinants of farmer channel choice. Evidence consistently indicates that long and fragmented marketing chains, combined with asymmetric market information, limited farmer bargaining power, and inadequate post-harvest infrastructure, generate large marketing margins that disadvantage smallholder producers. The review further examines emerging alternative channel models — including cooperative-based marketing, direct trade arrangements, geographical indication certification, and digital marketplace platforms — and assesses their potential to improve price transmission and farmer welfare. Gaps in the literature and directions for future research are identified. Keywords: Robusta coffee; marketing channels; smallholder farmers; marketing margin; Indonesia; value chain; cooperative marketing
Robusta coffee; marketing channels; smallholder farmers; marketing margin; Indonesia; value chain; cooperative marketing
Copyright (c) 2026 Zandika Beriansa, Eddy Silamat, Mira Yanuarti, Dwita Prisdinawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Digital Habitus: Social Media, Cultural Capital, and Class Reproduction in Online Space
The proliferation of social media platforms has created new arenas of social distinction, status performance, and cultural capital accumulation that are not adequately captured by classical sociological frameworks developed in the pre-digital era. This conceptual paper argues that Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical apparatus particularly the concepts of habitus, cultural capital, field, and symbolic violence requires critical extension to account for the specifically digital forms of social reproduction that characterize contemporary online spaces. Drawing on Bourdieu's sociology, digital sociology, and critical platform studies, the paper develops the concept of digital habitus: a socially structured set of dispositions toward digital engagement, platform navigation, and online self-presentation that reflects and reinforces class position. The paper examines three theoretical dimensions of digital habitus: the conversion of offline capital into digital capital and back, the role of algorithmic fields in structuring digital distinction, and the mechanisms through which social media platforms function as arenas of symbolic violence and class reproduction. A conceptual framework the Digital Capital Conversion Matrix is developed to map the relationships between offline class position, forms of digital capital, and platform-mediated distinction. The paper concludes by arguing that digital habitus is neither a purely technical competency nor an individual lifestyle choice but a structurally produced and reproducing social formation that systematically advantages already-privileged social classes while naturalizing that advantage as personal aptitude or cultural taste. Keywords: digital habitus; social media; cultural capital; class reproduction; Bourdieu; algorithmic field; platform sociology
digital habitus; social media; cultural capital; class reproduction; Bourdieu; algorithmic field; platform sociology
Copyright (c) 2026 Zikri Prismadani, Oman Sukmana, Tonny Dian Efendi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Teachers as Social Agents: Professional Identity, Institutional Pressure, and Pedagogical Resistance
Teachers occupy a structurally ambiguous position in modern educational systems: simultaneously agents of socialization mandated by the state, professionals claiming pedagogical autonomy, and social subjects embedded in local communities and cultural identities. This conceptual paper examines teachers as social agents through the integrative lens of three theoretical frameworks: Pierre Bourdieu's field theory and the concept of habitus, Anthony Giddens' structuration theory, and Michael Apple's critical pedagogy. The central argument is that professional teacher identity is not a stable, pre-given attribute but a dynamic, contested construction produced at the intersection of institutional pressures including curriculum standardization, administrative surveillance, and performative accountability regimes and individual and collective acts of pedagogical resistance. Drawing on these theoretical resources, the paper identifies three analytical dimensions of teacher agency: identity formation under institutional constraint, the reproduction and transformation of pedagogical practice within the educational field, and the micro-political dynamics of resistance as a form of professional self-assertion. The paper further develops a conceptual framework, the Teacher Agency Matrix, that maps the relationship between institutional pressure intensity and teacher agency orientation across four ideal-typical positions: conformity, strategic compliance, quiet subversion, and active resistance. The argument concludes that understanding teachers as social agents rather than merely as implementers of educational policy is essential for educational sociology, teacher professional development, and the design of more democratically oriented school governance systems. Keywords: teacher agency; professional identity; institutional pressure; pedagogical resistance; Bourdieu; structuration theory; critical pedagogy
teacher agency; professional identity; institutional pressure; pedagogical resistance; Bourdieu; structuration theory; critical pedagogy
Copyright (c) 2026 Zikri Prismadani, Oman Sukmana, Tri Sulistyaningsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Decentralization, Institutional Capacity, and Waste Governance: A Comparative Study of Medan and Binjai, North Sumatra
Decentralization under Indonesian Law No. 23/2014 transferred solid waste management authority to municipal governments, yet the translation of this mandate into effective governance outcomes has been uneven across urban settings of different scales and capacities. This study examines how institutional capacity, resource allocation, and governance arrangements shape waste management outcomes in two adjacent North Sumatran cities: Medan, the provincial capital and third-largest city in Indonesia, and Binjai, a secondary municipality of approximately 300,000 residents. Through a comparative case study design, the research draws on in-depth interviews with 28 informants, document analysis of regional waste management plans and budget allocations, and secondary data from the National Waste Management Information System (SIPSN). Findings reveal that while both cities have expanded formal collection coverage over the 2019–2023 period, substantial disparities persist in collection rates, infrastructure quality, and private sector integration. Medan demonstrates greater structural capacity but faces coordination fragmentation across its 21 sub-districts; Binjai exhibits stronger inter-agency coherence but is constrained by limited budgetary resources and landfill capacity. The study identifies three institutional mechanisms that mediate the decentralization–outcome relationship: budget adequacy, inter-agency coordination, and community-based waste governance integration. Theoretical contributions to the decentralization and urban governance literature are discussed, alongside practical recommendations for strengthening waste governance in secondary cities of the Global South. Keywords: decentralization; waste governance; institutional capacity; Medan; Binjai; North Sumatra; secondary cities; Indonesia
decentralization; waste governance; institutional capacity; Medan; Binjai; North Sumatra; secondary cities; Indonesia
Copyright (c) 2026 Hatta Ridho, Muhammad Husni Thamrin, Muhammad Arif Nasution, Muhammad Azhar Nasution, Mujahid Widian Saragih, Gusti Pirandy, Jaenal Abidin, Randa Putra Kasea Sinaga, Mia Aulina Lubis (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Multi-Actor Collaboration in Waste Governance: A Study of Local Government, Private Sector, and Community Engagement in Medan, Binjai, Deli Serdang, and Karo, North Sumatra
Waste governance in metropolitan and peri-urban regions of Indonesia continues to face significant institutional and operational challenges, particularly in areas where jurisdictional boundaries overlap and multi-level actors interact with varying degrees of coordination. This study examines multi-actor collaboration in waste governance across four interconnected regions in North Sumatra: Medan, Binjai, Deli Serdang, and Karo. Drawing on collaborative governance theory and a qualitative case study methodology, the research investigates how local governments, private waste management companies, and community-based organizations engage in, negotiate, and sustain collaborative arrangements. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis, involving 34 informants from government agencies, private sector actors, and community representatives. Findings reveal that while formal collaboration mechanisms exist across the four regions, their effectiveness is constrained by asymmetric power relations, fragmented regulatory frameworks, weak institutional trust, and limited community voice in decision-making. The study identifies four critical dimensions of collaborative governance in this context: structural formalization, resource interdependency, communicative rationality, and accountability mechanisms. The Mebidangro metropolitan framework (Medan–Binjai–Deli Serdang) provides a partial governance scaffold, yet its application to solid waste management remains inconsistent. Karo, as a highland rural district, presents a distinct governance dynamic influenced by tourism-driven waste loads and traditional community structures. The findings contribute to the growing literature on collaborative environmental governance in the Global South, offering theoretical and practical implications for strengthening multi-actor waste governance in Indonesian urban–rural corridors. Keywords: collaborative governance; waste management; multi-actor; local government; Mebidangro; North Sumatra; Indonesia
collaborative governance; waste management; multi-actor; local government; Mebidangro; North Sumatra; Indonesia
Copyright (c) 2026 Hatta Ridho, Jaenal Abidin, Randa Putra Kasea Sinaga, Randa Putra Kasea Sinaga, Gusti Pirandy, Mujahid Widian Saragih, Muhammad Azhar Nasution, Muhammad Arif Nasution, Tonny Pangihutan Situmorang, Mia Aulina Lubis (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Toxic Gaming Culture and Brand Image in DOTA 2 Communities:A Qualitative Study from the Marketing Perspective
Toxic gaming culture encompassing harassment, verbal abuse, deliberate game-throwing, and exclusionary behavior within online competitive communities has attracted growing scholarly attention, yet its implications from a marketing perspective remain significantly underexplored. This qualitative phenomenological study investigates how toxic behavior within the DOTA 2 community shapes brand perception of the game and its developer, how players collectively construct and evaluate the reputation of the DOTA 2 community, and how toxic culture influences player retention decisions. Grounded in brand image theory, online consumer behavior frameworks, and community management scholarship, the study draws on semi-structured in-depth interviews with 18 participants comprising active DOTA 2 players, lapsed players who reduced engagement due to toxicity, and content creators operating within the Indonesian DOTA 2 scene with particular reference to the Makassar esports ecosystem. Thematic analysis of the data yields four major findings: toxic behavior functions as a persistent negative signal that degrades brand image independently of product quality; the community's reputation is experienced as both a deterrent to new players and a source of identity ambivalence for committed players; toxic culture operates as a significant driver of churn through cumulative psychological cost; and community management practices including those by developers and local influencers mediate the severity of these effects. The study contributes a marketing-oriented analytical lens to the toxicity literature and offers practical implications for game publishers, esports organizations, and brand partners operating in competitive gaming contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hery Maulana Arif, Burhanuddin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Social Relations Among Youths of Different Religions to Strengthen Religious Tolerance in Talake, Ambon City
This study aims to analyze the social relations between Muslim and Christian youth in Talake, Ambon City, in strengthening interreligious tolerance. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation to obtain comprehensive data regarding patterns of interfaith interaction. The findings reveal that youth involvement in joint social, cultural, and religious activities helps reduce prejudice, foster empathy, and strengthen solidarity. Equal interaction supported by positive social norms positions youth as key actors in maintaining harmony within a diverse society. This research confirms that active social relations among youth in Talake play a strategic role in promoting tolerance and social cohesion in the context of religious diversity. Keywords: Social relations, interfaith youth, religious tolerance, Talake Ambon, social harmony.
Social relations, interfaith youth, religious tolerance, Talake Ambon, social harmony.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sitny Rengrenggulu, Rosina Fordatkossu, Elisabet Orun, Silvian Selsily, Gloria Usmany (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Christian Religious Education and the Prevention of Child Sexual Violence: The Role of Teachers and Parents in Shaping Ethical Awareness
Child sexual abuse is a serious and increasingly alarming problem, including in Ambon Island, where data show a rising trend of cases each year, with most perpetrators coming from the child’s closest environment. This condition requires integrated preventive efforts involving families, schools, and faith communities. Christian Religious Education (CRE) has a significant contribution in preventing sexual violence by instilling ethical values, teaching the dignity of human beings as Imago Dei, and shaping children’s awareness to protect themselves from abuse. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach by examining literature, case reports, and theological reflections. The findings reveal that teachers act as protection agents in schools by creating safe learning environments, conducting early detection of sexual violence, and teaching self-protection grounded in Christian values. Meanwhile, parents, as the primary educators at home, play a crucial role through early Christian-based sexuality education, open communication, digital media supervision, and modeling a loving lifestyle. The synergy between teachers and parents, supported by the church and community, forms a holistic protection system for children. Thus, CRE is not merely a medium of faith instruction but also an ethical and practical instrument in preventing child sexual abuse and shaping a Christian generation that is ethically aware, able to resist abuse, and committed to living in the love of Christ. Keywords: Christian Religious Education, child sexual abuse, teachers, parents, ethical awareness
Christian Religious Education, child sexual abuse, teachers, parents, ethical awareness
Copyright (c) 2026 Betriks Latulake, Ninis Yohana Yokbet Kadepan, Aliya Lesnussa, Selin Nanu, Aurelya Almatsya Layan, Fransiska Febriani Tubay (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PT Perta Arun Gas Energy Self-Reliance Strategy in CSR Implementation to Enhance Corporate Image and Stakeholder Satisfaction
This study aims to determine the impact of energy self-reliance strategies in the implementation of PT Perta Arun Gas’s CSR initiatives on enhancing corporate image and stakeholder satisfaction. The study was conducted among residents of the villages of Ujong Blang, Blang Panyang, Padang Sakti, Blang Pulo, and Blang Panyang. The reason for conducting the study among the communities of these villages is that they are in the company’s surrounding area and directly experience the impacts of PT Perta Arun Gas (PAG)’s operations in Lhokseumawe City. All variables in this study were measured using a Likert scale. This study employed a quantitative method, utilizing primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires to 390 members of the public. The data analysis technique used is moderation regression analysis with the assistance of WarpPLS software version 7.0. The results of the study indicate that the energy independence strategy in the implementation of CSR at PT Perta Arun Gas has a significant effect on corporate image and stakeholder satisfaction; furthermore, corporate image also influences stakeholder satisfaction. Meanwhile, the results of the moderation regression analysis indicate that corporate image is unable to moderate the effect of the energy independence strategy in the implementation of PT Perta Arun Gas’s CSR on stakeholder satisfaction; in fact, corporate image weakens the effect of the energy independence strategy in the implementation of PT Perta Arun Gas’s CSR on stakeholder satisfaction.
Energy self-reliance strategies in the implementation of CSR, corporate image, and stakeholder satisfaction
Copyright (c) 2026 Anja Syahrany, Suadi, Dahlan A. Rahman, Teuku Zulkarnaen, Ferizaldi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Discipline Management and Professional Attitude Formation Among Sea Transportation Cadets: Evidence from STIP Jakarta
Discipline management constitutes one of the foundational pillars of maritime cadet education, operating at the intersection of institutional governance, professional socialization, and the formation of the behavioral and attitudinal standards expected of seafaring officers. Yet empirical studies examining how discipline management systems are perceived, experienced, and internalized by cadets across differentiated training tracks—and how these perceptions relate to professional attitude formation outcomes—remain sparse in the Indonesian maritime education literature. This study investigates discipline management practices and professional attitude formation among sea transportation cadets at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran (STIP) Jakarta, drawing on data from thirty cadets—fifteen from the deck nautical program and fifteen from the engine technics program—alongside five practitioner-lecturers comprising three maritime captains and two master mariners. Employing a qualitative descriptive design with thematic analysis, cross-group comparison, and narrative synthesis, the study maps the perceptual landscape of discipline management across cadet tracks and practitioner perspectives. Findings reveal that while cadets broadly affirm the necessity of discipline management, significant divergences exist between tracks in the perceived fairness, consistency, and formation effectiveness of current institutional discipline systems. Practitioner-lecturers identify structural inconsistencies in rule enforcement and a gap between formal disciplinary procedures and the cultivation of internalized professional attitudes as the most consequential institutional management challenges. The study contributes an attitudinal mapping framework for maritime cadet discipline management and offers practical recommendations for institutional policy reform at STIP Jakarta. Keywords : discipline management; professional attitude; maritime cadet; formation; STIP Jakarta
discipline management; professional attitude; maritime cadet; formation; STIP Jakarta
Copyright (c) 2026 Nafi Almuzani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Lecturer-Practitioner Leadership in Maritime Cadet Formation: Perceptions of Former Seafarers as Educators at STIP Jakarta
The integration of experienced seafarers into the academic workforce of maritime higher education institutions constitutes one of the most distinctive features of professional maritime training management. Yet the leadership dynamics of practitioner-educators—and how their professional identities, authority, and pedagogical approaches are perceived by cadets across different training tracks—remain substantially undertheorized in the maritime education literature. This study investigates the perceptions of deck nautical and engine technics cadets at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran (STIP) Jakarta regarding the leadership effectiveness of former seafarers serving as lecturers, while also capturing practitioner-lecturers' self-reported managerial and pedagogical philosophies. Employing a qualitative descriptive design, data were gathered from thirty cadets—fifteen per track—and five practitioner-lecturers comprising three maritime captains and two master mariners. Findings reveal that while cadet perceptions of practitioner-educator authority and occupational credibility are broadly positive across both tracks, significant differences emerge in how deck and engine technics cadets evaluate the pedagogical leadership, mentoring quality, and professional relevance of their seafarer-educators. Practitioner-lecturers themselves demonstrate distinctive leadership orientations shaped by their seafaring ranks and professional histories. The study contributes a bidirectional perceptual framework for understanding practitioner-educator leadership in maritime cadet formation and offers institutional recommendations for optimizing the educator-formation relationship at STIP Jakarta. Keywords : practitioner-educator; maritime cadet formation; lecturer leadership; seafarer identity
practitioner-educator; maritime cadet formation; lecturer leadership; seafarer identity
Copyright (c) 2026 Meilinasari Nurhasanah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Competency-Based Training Management for Deck and Engine Cadets: A Comparative Analysis at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran Jakarta
The rapid transformation of the global maritime industry, driven by technological advancement, evolving regulatory frameworks, and the emergence of autonomous vessel technologies, has intensified demands for competency-based training management in maritime higher education institutions. This study examines and comparatively analyzes the implementation of competency-based training management for deck nautical and engine technics cadets at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran (STIP) Jakarta, Indonesia's premier state maritime polytechnic. Employing a qualitative descriptive design, data were collected from thirty cadets—fifteen from the deck nautical program and fifteen from the engine technics program—alongside five practitioner-lecturers comprising three maritime captains and two master mariners. Instruments included structured interview protocols, competency assessment rubrics, and observational checklists. Findings reveal significant discrepancies between the two cadet tracks in terms of perceived training effectiveness, competency progression, and instructional support, with engine technics cadets reporting comparatively lower satisfaction with the alignment between curriculum content and shipboard realities. Practitioner-lecturers identified institutional inflexibility and outdated competency benchmarks as principal barriers to training quality. The study contributes an original comparative framework for diagnosing track-specific competency management deficiencies and offers institutional policy recommendations aligned with STCW standards and contemporary maritime operational demands. Keywords : competency-based training; maritime education; deck cadets; engine cadets
competency-based training; maritime education; deck cadets; engine cadets
Copyright (c) 2026 Suhartini (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Curriculum Relevance and Industry Alignment in Sea Transportation Cadet Education: A Management Perspective
The accelerating pace of regulatory evolution, technological transformation, and decarbonization imperatives within the global maritime industry has placed unprecedented demands on the curriculum management systems of maritime higher education institutions. Ensuring that academic programs remain substantively aligned with current and emerging industry realities is a central institutional governance challenge that directly shapes the employability, competency readiness, and professional effectiveness of sea transportation graduates. This study investigates curriculum relevance and industry alignment in sea transportation cadet education at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran (STIP) Jakarta, Indonesia, from a curriculum management perspective. Data were collected from thirty cadets—fifteen from the deck nautical program and fifteen from the engine technics program—alongside five practitioner-lecturers comprising three maritime captains and two master mariners, through semi-structured interviews analyzed using thematic analysis, cross-group comparison, and narrative synthesis. Findings reveal that curriculum-industry alignment is perceived as moderate to low across both cadet tracks, with engine technics cadets reporting more acute misalignment in relation to advanced propulsion technologies and digital systems. Practitioner-lecturers identify inadequate curriculum review cycles, weak industry stakeholder integration, and insufficient responsiveness to IMO regulatory updates as the principal structural barriers to alignment. The study contributes a management-focused curriculum alignment diagnostic framework and advances institutional recommendations grounded in the specific regulatory and technological challenges reshaping contemporary sea transportation. Keywords : curriculum relevance; industry alignment; maritime education management; sea transportation
curriculum relevance; industry alignment; maritime education management; sea transportation
Copyright (c) 2026 Naomi Louhenapessy (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Islamic Epistemology and Modern Philosophy of Science: Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s Perspective on Contemporary Scientific Paradigms
Contemporary discourse on the relationship between religion and science has reached an unprecedented level of sophistication, yet the distinctively Islamic contribution to epistemological theory has received insufficient attention in mainstream philosophy of science literature. This study addresses that gap by conducting a systematic interdisciplinary analysis of Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s Islamic epistemological framework and its critique of modern scientific paradigms. Nasr Iranian-American philosopher, Professor Emeritus of Islamic Studies at George Washington University, and recipient of numerous international honours including the Templeton Prize nomination has spent six decades developing the most comprehensive contemporary engagement between Islamic intellectual tradition and modern Western philosophy of science. Drawing on Nasr’s major works (1989, 1993, 1996, 2006, 2010, 2016) and a systematic literature review of 60 classical and contemporary sources, this study analyses Nasr’s threefold epistemological framework revelation (wahy), reason (ʿaql), and intuition (kashf/dhawq) against four modern scientific paradigms: Comtean positivism, Popperian critical rationalism, Kuhnian paradigm theory, and postmodern epistemology. The comparative analysis across eight dimensions reveals that Nasr’s framework shares significant common ground with Kuhn’s recognition of the paradigm-dependency of scientific knowledge and with postmodern epistemology’s critique of scientism, while diverging fundamentally from all modern paradigms in its insistence on revelation as the highest epistemological authority and its integration of kashf as a legitimate source of knowledge. Five areas of productive dialogue are identified: the critique of positivist scientism, the social embeddedness of knowledge, the legitimacy of multiple epistemological frameworks, environmental ethics, and the limits of reductionist methodology. The study proposes a model of Complementary Epistemological Engagement (CEE) as a framework for dialogue between Islamic and modern scientific epistemologies that neither subordinates the former to the latter nor retreats into mutual isolation. Keywords: Seyyed Hossein Nasr; Islamic epistemology; philosophy of science; sacred science; perennial philosophy; Kuhn; positivism; tawhid; wahy; kashf; science-religion dialogue
Copyright (c) 2026 Windy Dian Sari, Siti Fatimah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0